Insurance

Loss curves, return periods, impact & payout simulator

Insurance

Built for: catastrophe underwriters, reinsurers, and parametric product teams.

What you see: a 40-year annual loss curve, return-period scatter (single-event severity vs. frequency), and an interactive payout simulator that converts a chosen pure premium and limit into expected loss and reinsurance cession.

How to read it: the VaR 95% stat is the loss a 1-in-20 single event would generate against the AGORA database — use it as a starting point for capital allocation. The simulator below lets you test premium adequacy and retention layers in seconds.

Results computed from the FloodCat algorithm and trained .pkl Random Forest models (feature importances, 64 Catalonia training rows, FloodPotential zones) imported directly from the project repository.

Total historical loss

€1.78B

AGORA 1981–2020

Mean annual loss

€68.6M

across covered years

VaR 95% (single event)

€50.6M

1-in-20 event

Episodes priced

82

AGORA records

Impact estimation — physical exposure

Random Forest predictions for AffectedHouses (64 events), AffectedPeople (64), EconomicLoss (126 AGORA).

Houses damaged

4,346

8 modern events + 56 DesInventar

People affected

10,017

8 modern events + 56 DesInventar

Economic loss (AGORA)

€1.78B

82 AGORA episodes 1996–2020

Fatalities

4

8 modern events

People affected per event
Modern events (2019–2021)
Houses by province
Damaged + destroyed combined
All modern events
Damage labels from news + ICGC Riuades — official ACA records pending
EventDateProvinceDamagedDestroyedPeopleDeathsSource
Tàrrega flood07 Sept 2019Lleida150508002news_ACA
Francolí flood30 Oct 2019Tarragona200801,2000ICGC_Riuades
Ter flood Gloria23 Jan 2020Girona3001002,0001ICGC_Riuades
Tordera flood Gloria24 Jan 2020Barcelona250801,5000ICGC_Riuades
Fluvià flood Gloria24 Jan 2020Girona180601,0000ICGC_Riuades
Llobregat flood Gloria03 Feb 2020Barcelona3501202,5001ICGC_Riuades
Montsià flood03 Sept 2021Tarragona100406000ICGC_Riuades
Alcanar flood03 Sept 2021Tarragona80304000ICGC_Riuades
Annual loss curve (€M)
Aggregate insured-equivalent loss per year, AGORA database
Return-period curve
Loss vs return interval (years)
Payout simulator
Estimate annual expected loss, retention, and reinsurance need based on insured exposure
Insured exposure500M
Retention level2%
Damage ratio12%

Suggested premium

€92.6M

Retention

€10.0M

Reinsurance need

€50.0M

Top-10 costliest episodes
Use as benchmark events for catastrophe pricing
#EventDateCategoryLoss
1AGORA · 198211061982-11-06Cat 3€994.0M
2AGORA · 198311061983-11-06Cat 2€198.5M
3AGORA · 199410081994-10-08Cat 3€85.0M
4AGORA · 202001192020-01-19Cat 2€66.3M
5AGORA · 200609122006-09-12Cat 2€50.6M
6AGORA · 201910212019-10-21Cat 3€44.3M
7AGORA · 200510112005-10-11Cat 2€42.1M
8AGORA · 199909131999-09-13Cat 1€32.6M
9AGORA · 198709271987-09-27Cat 3€32.0M
10AGORA · 200006092000-06-09Cat 3€27.4M